Proper planting of tomato seedlings in open ground

Tomatoes are one of the favorite crops to grow in home gardens. To get a good harvest, it is important to provide them with comfortable conditions. The subtleties of cultivation require knowledge of many issues: how to prepare seedlings, what should be put in the hole when planting tomatoes and so on.

So, how and when to plant tomatoes in open ground - further in our article.

Video: TOMATOES - PLANTING STEP-BY-STEP (OAG 2015)

When to plant seedlings in the beds?

The exact timing of planting seedlings is not defined, they depend on the climatic features of the regions. Tomatoes can be placed in open ground by the middle, end of May, and if the spring is warm, without return frosts, then in early May. It is important that the soil be warmed up to the depth of the shovel bayonet to at least 14 ° C, and the air temperature during the day will be 18-20 ° C.

Experienced gardeners use the lunar calendar, which indicates when and how to plant garlic before winter, which vegetables give the highest yield on waxing moon.

How tall should tomato seedlings be before planting? Signs of the readiness of the tomato “go” to the garden:

• stem height 25-30 cm, starting from the root;
• developed root system;
• presence of 6-8 leaves;
• first brush of inflorescence.

The plot for tomatoes should be well lit by the sun. The best predecessors are pumpkin or cabbage, under which organic fertilizers were applied last year.

Video: Tips for outdoor tomato farming - Part 1

Ground preparation

Those who studied the question, how to plant pepper seedlings, are familiar with the methods of preparing soil for other vegetables, they are about the same. Tomatoes and other nightshade crops prefer loose fertile soil. If no fertilizers have been applied to the garden since autumn, it is worth filling the hole when planting.

Recommendations from tomato growers:

• complex mineral fertilizers for tomatoes;
• organics. A week before planting, bird droppings diluted in water are added to the soil in a ratio of 1 to 20, and rotted manure directly into the hole, 200 grams per bush. Manure is pre-mixed with soil to avoid root burns;
• crushed eggshells, a natural source of calcium;
• wood ash;
• borofoska is a complex mineral fertilizer, which, in addition to phosphorus, potassium and calcium, includes boron. With a lack of boron, the top begins to rot in tomatoes.

For disinfection, the soil is pre-treated with Trichocin according to the instructions.

Video: When to Transplant Tomato Seedlings

How to plant seedlings in open ground?

Immediately before planting, beds are formed according to the following rule:

• width - 100-120 cm;
• height 10-15 cm;
• holes at a distance of 35-45 cm in a row and 55-75 cm between rows.

To carefully remove the seedlings from the container, you need to knock on it. Bushes are inserted into the hole strictly vertically, otherwise they may grow obliquely. The earth is poured into the hole until the first pair of leaves.

Video: There is no better fertilizer for tomatoes! Bring it in when planting seedlings

Caring for tomatoes

Tomato is not a very demanding vegetable. The plant bears fruit if it is watered and protected from weeds. But the tomato responds well to ongoing agrotechnical activities. The more thorough the care, the more fruit the gardener gets.

Water

The first week after planting in the ground, tomatoes should not be watered. Culture does not like either excess moisture or drought. In a dry summer, it is enough to water the plants abundantly once a week, and if the summer is rainy, even less often.

It is important that the bushes do not fall under drought from the moment the ovary is formed until the fruits are filled. If this happens, the ovary crumbles, and the fruits are small, irregular in shape. Water should be poured under the root, the tomato does not like it when water gets on the stem and leaves.

To retain moisture in the soil, the beds are mulched with straw and sawdust, which is also a protection against weed growth.

Garter

When the tomato bushes are well rooted and grow, they need to be tied up, observing the following rules:

• pegs are installed on the north side;
• driven to a depth of 40 cm;
• distance from stem - 10 cm

Medium and tall varieties should be tied up. Low-growing tomatoes do not need a garter.

Pegs and ribbons must be disinfected in a solution of potassium permanganate before use.

Feeding

Tomatoes should be fed every 2 weeks. What do tomato seedlings like? Certain activities need to be provided to the seedlings at the stage of growing indoors, take care of the appropriate temperature, humidity, lighting.

With a well-chosen soil mixture, the first top dressing is required after picking, when the plants have 2 leaves each. To seedlings with thick stems, ready-made mineral compounds are used, for example, Kemira, Universal-2, Mortar.

To make the seedlings even thicker and stronger, the second and third feedings are carried out at two-week intervals. Experienced gardeners advise a mixture of mineral fertilizers and organics, for example: bird droppings at a concentration of 1 to 20 and 2030 grams of superphosphate.

How to water tomatoes for good roots? For feeding adult plants, complex fertilizers are used, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium. There should be more nitrogen. For young seedlings, the concentration of nutrient solutions should be minimal. For the period from planting to fruit set, it is recommended to make 4 top dressings. Proven solution: 10 liters of water, 1 tbsp. l. superphosphate and 1 tsp. potassium sulfate, bird droppings in a ratio of 1 to 20. The consumption of the drug is 10 liters per 10 bushes.

Pest protection

In the process of growing tomatoes, they can be affected by late blight. This is a fungal disease that externally manifests itself in brown spots on leaves, stems and fruits. The causes of infection are high humidity and poor ventilation. Late blight damage - up to 70% of the crop. For the prevention of the disease, fungicidal preparations are used, according to the instructions, "Epin plus", "Oxyhumate".

The most dangerous pests of tomatoes growing in the open field are cotton scoop, aphids, tomato moths. These parasites infect fruits, roots, stems. For protection, Ampligo, Match, Isabion are used. Processing is carried out during mass flowering and at the beginning of fruit ripening.

Damage to the roots of young plants can cause a bear. You can get rid of it with the help of chemicals or by physical extermination. During the breeding season, from May to June, females attract females with a fairly loud whistle. By sound, you can find a nest, pour water into it, after which the insect will crawl out to the surface.

Video: How To Grow Tomatoes From Seed To Harvest | How To Stake, Prune, Tie, Care And Harvest Tomatoes

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